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Targum
While the word "targum" means translation in general, it usually refers to the Aramaic translations
of the Hebrew Bible. After the Babylonian exile, most Jews spoke Aramaic as their first language,
so translation became necessary to understand the Biblical readings. Many of the Targum contained
interpretations or explanatory notes in addition to the literal translation. |
This body of work includes:
- Targum Onkelos, also known as the Babylonian Targum
- Targum Yerushalmi, also known as Targum Pseudo-Jonathan (Torah only)
- Targum Jonathan (Torah, prophets and some parts of the hagiographa)
- Targum Neophyti
- Targum Sheni (on the scroll of Esther)
- Targum to Job
Finding Targum in the catalog
Do a title browse search under the part of the Bible you want, and add Aramaic and the
name of the Targum. For example:
Bible. O.T. Pentateuch. Aramaic Onkelos
Finding Targum online
Bar Ilan Responsa Project
Includes the Hebrew texts of the Tanakh, Talmuds, early commentaries, and many responsa
http://www.responsa.co.il/
More options are available to HUC students and faculty by accessing the Responsa Project through
the Jewish Studies Portal
The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon at HUC-JIR Cincinnati
Complete online texts of all Jewish Aramaic resources, talmudic, midrashic, and targumic,
along with a complete set of research tools for Targumic studies
http://cal1.cn.huc.edu
You can search by Biblical verse and see all the Targum versions of that verse.
Translation of Onkelos and Pseudo-Jonathan
http://targum.info/?page_id=8 by J.W. Etheridge
At the Newsletter for Targumic and Cognate Studies.
Translation of Targum Psalms
http://targum.info/?page_id=11 An English translation
by Edward M. Cook.
At the Newsletter for Targumic and Cognate Studies.
Translation of the Targum to Shir HaShirim
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~jtreat/song/targum/
by Jay C. Treat.
Translation of the Targum to Ruth
by Samson H. Levey http://targum.info/meg/ruth.htm
At the Newsletter for Targumic and Cognate Studies.
Translation of the Targum to Lamentations
Translated by C. M. M. Brady http://targum.info/meg/tglam.htm
At the Newsletter for Targumic and Cognate Studies.
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